September 21, 2006

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Bringing Organic to San Cristobal

By Rosario Adriana Alcázar González

SAN CRISTÓBAL DE LAS CASAS -- A tumble of colors, aromas, voices, and faces greet the senses upon arriving at the Castillo Tielman Market in the city of San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas. Walking between the tiny, complicated corridors is slow. But each pause brings awe and delight upon witnessing the staggering diversity of the region's flowers, vegetables, fruits, and medicinal plants, all at arms reach.

Faced with such variety, the decision is tough -- what to buy? Rambutan, the spiny red lychee? Or a local favorite, guananabanas, the lumpy, green custard apples? Another such choice may not be as familiar here -- organic or non-organic?

Bringing Organic to San Cristobal

Vendor Cristina Josefa Pérez Díaz is one of the few vendors selling organic products here in San Cristobal's main marketplace. So she, of course, suggests choosing products that were produced without agrochemicals and fertilizers, "Look, the taste isn't the same when you use fertilizers and what's more, it's [bad for the earth] and bad for [people]," she said.

Miguel Angel Garcia, an agricultural expert with Maderas del Pueblo del Sureste, a Mexican nonprofit organization, agrees with Pérez Díaz. The effects of eating chemically produced food may not show up right away, he says, but can be dangerous in the long run. Garcia notes that many of the chemicals used without regulation in Mexico are banned in the United States and Europe.

In Mexico, the debate continues about the possible environmental and public health risks posed by pesticides, fertilizers and the use of genetically modified seeds. The cultivation of organic products has increased during the last two decades throughout the country in order to meet the demands of international markets. Still, until a few years ago, there was little demand for these products inside Mexico.

A recent agriculture study by the the National Autonomous University of Mexico revealed that the high prices of organic foods deters many Mexican consumers. On average, organic products cost three to five times more than conventionally produced crops. The study also found that many Mexican consumers don't understand the potential health benefits of organic foods.

In San Cristobal de Las Casas, producers like Pérez Díaz and citizen groups such La Canasta Orgánica, the Organic Basket, work together to educate the public about the benefits of organic products and provide access to affordable and healthy food.

The vegetables Pérez Díaz sells at her stand are grown by her husband, Ángel Moreno Ballinas, in a plot of land at the foot of Huitepec Hill, 25 minutes from the center of San Cristobal. Moreno Ballinas uses traditional agricultural methods, like the application of manure and other natural fertilizers and hand weeding.

Her prices, which are higher due to the more labor-intensive production methods, range from fifty cents to a peso higher for similar products sold at non-organic stands.

"We eat everything that we plant," said Pérez Díaz, underscoring her confidence in her products. She says she has many loyal customers who all know about the organic methods the family uses to produce the food.

La Canasta Orgánica, a citizen initiative that aims to increase access to naturally produced foods, has operated in San Cristóbal for nearly one year. Organized by a group of urban women, La Canasta Orgánica gathers organic products from throughout the region and brings the goods into central San Cristóbal on Saturdays. Increasing access to organic foods is their primary goal, but they also seek to "care for the environment through the consumption of responsibly produced products," said Gerdi Seidl, co-founder of the group.

La Canasta Orgánica offers certified organic products such as coffee and honey. But most of the products they offer, are classified as "artesanial" because the goods are cultivated by small farmers, like Moreno Ballinas, who use natural methods but have not been officially certified as organic.

La Canasta Orgánica, says Seidl, doesn't look to make money or become a middleman between producers and consumers but rather to "create a space where people can find healthy, fairly-priced products."

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